| 藥品名稱 drug name | Memantine (Witgen) 10 mg/tab 威智錠 | 大林現用藥品圖片 Available |
| 成份 Ingredient | Memantine | |
| 單位含量 Dosage Forms | 10mg/tab | 大林停用藥品圖片 Old item |
| Tablet, as hydrochloride: 10 mg | ||
| 顏色 Color | 白色 |  |
| 形狀 Shape | 其他 |  |
| 劑型 Dose Form | 口服/錠劑 | |
| 大 小 Size | ||
| 標 示 outward | LO/10 | |
| 廠商名稱 Manufacturer | 美時化學製藥股份有限公司 | |
| 製 造 商 Manufacturer | 美時化學製藥股份有限公司南投廠 | |
| 字 號 Product ID | 衛署藥製字第046612號 | |
| 藥理分類 Pharmacologic Category | N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist | |
| 作用機轉 Mechanism of action | Glutamate, the primary excitatory amino acid in the CNS, may contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by overstimulating various glutamate receptors leading to excitotoxicity and neuronal cell death. Memantine is an uncompetitive antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) type of glutamate receptors, located ubiquitously throughout the brain. Under normal physiologic conditions, the (unstimulated) NMDA receptor ion channel is blocked by magnesium ions, which are displaced after agonist-induced depolarization. Pathologic or excessive receptor activation, as postulated to occur during AD, prevents magnesium from reentering and blocking the channel pore resulting in a chronically open state and excessive calcium influx. Memantine binds to the intra-pore magnesium site, but with longer dwell time, and thus functions as an effective receptor blocker only under conditions of excessive stimulation; memantine does not affect normal neurotransmission. 阿茲海默症的症狀與中樞神經系統的NMDA接受體連續受到glutamate的刺激有關，而Memantine是屬於非競爭性NMDA接受體的阻斷劑，並且有著強力的電位依賴性，以及快速阻斷/非阻斷的機制。 | |
| 用途/適應症 | 中重度阿滋海默症 | |
| Use | Treatment of moderate-to-severe dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Unlabeled Use: Treatment of mild-to-moderate vascular dementia; mild cognitive impairment 治療中重度及重度阿滋海默症。 | |
| 衛生署核准適用症狀 DOH approved indications | 治療中重度及重度阿滋海默症。 | |
| 常用劑量 | 每天兩次早晚飯後1顆 (藥品劑量會因人或病情增減，請依照醫師指示服用。) | |
| Dose | Alzheimer's disease:Oral: Initial: 5 mg/day; increase dose by 5 mg/day to a target dose of 20 mg/day; wait at least 1 week between dosage changes. Doses >5 mg/day should be given in 2 divided doses. Suggested titration: 5 mg/day for ≡1 week; 5 mg twice daily for ≡1 week; 15 mg/day given in 5 mg and 10 mg separated doses for ≡1 week; then 10 mg twice daily.建議起始劑量為每日5mg，建議目標劑量為每日20mg，以每次調整5mg的劑量漸次增加，即增加至:每日10mg(每次5mg，ㄧ日兩次)，然後每日15mg(分為依次5mg，ㄧ次10mg)，最後每日20mg(每次10mg，ㄧ日兩次)。建議增加劑量的時間間隔至少一週。 | |
| 懷孕分級 Pregnancy Risk Factor | B | |
| 禁忌症 Contraindications | Hypersensitivity to memantine or any component of the formulation. | |
| 常見副作用 Common adverse drug reactions | ||
| Adverse Reactions | 1% to 10%: Cardiovascular: Hypertension (4%), cardiac failure, syncope, cerebrovascular accident, transient ischemic attack Central nervous system: Dizziness (7%), confusion (6%), headache (6%), hallucinations (3%), pain (3%), somnolence (3%), fatigue (2%), aggressive reaction, ataxia, vertigo Dermatologic: Rash Gastrointestinal: Constipation (5%), vomiting (3%), weight loss Genitourinary: Micturition Hematologic: Anemia Hepatic: Alkaline phosphatase increased Neuromuscular & skeletal: Back pain (3%), hypokinesia Ocular: Cataract, conjunctivitis Respiratory: Cough (4%), dyspnea (2%), pneumonia | |
| 監測 Monitoring | ||
警語與注意事項 | 可能副作用:不安、跌倒、失眠、腹瀉、尿失禁 | |
